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Objective To compare one-stage freehand minimally invasive pedicle screw fixation (freehand MIPS) combined with mini-access surgery through OLIF approach with posterior approach for treatment of lumbar tuberculosis (TB), and evaluate its feasibility, efficacy and safety in debridement, bone graft fusion and internal fixation. Methods 48 patients with single segment lumbar TB from June 2014 to June 2017 were included. Among them, 22 patients underwent one-stage freehand MIPS combined with mini-access surgery through OLIF approach (group 1), 26 patients were treated with posterior open surgery (group 2). Duration of operation, blood loss, and stay time in hospital were compared. Pre- and postoperative visual analog scale (VAS) pain scores, Oswestry disability index (ODI), erythrocyte sedimentation rate, complications and images were also recorded. Results Patients in group 1 showed significantly less blood loss (165 ± 73 ml vs 873 ± 318 ml,  P  &lt; 0.001), shorter stay time in hospital (6/4–8 days vs 12/8–15 days,  P  &lt; 0.001), while longer duration of operation (185 ± 14 min vs 171 ± 12 min,  P  &lt; 0.001) than group 2 did. VAS scores significantly decreased after surgery in both groups, however, VAS scores of group 1 were significantly lower than that of group 2 immediately after surgery and during follow-ups ( P  &lt; 0.001). ODI of group 1 was also significantly lower than that of group 2 at 12-month after surgery ( P  &lt; 0.001). Conclusion One-stage freehand MIPS combined with mini-access surgery through OLIF approach is a feasible, efficient and safe method in treating single segment lumbar TB. It shows advantages of less surgical trauma and faster postoperative recovery.

journal of orthopaedic surgery and research

One-stage freehand minimally invasive pedicle screw fixation combined with mini-access surgery through OLIF approach for the treatment of lumbar tuberculosis