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Background  This study aimed to evaluate the effect of dipyridamole-thallium scanning (DTS) on the rates of 90-day cardiac complications and 1-year mortality in patients with a femoral neck fracture treated with hemiarthroplasty.    Methods  Between 2008 and 2015, 844 consecutive patients who underwent cemented or cementless hemiarthroplasty were identified from the database of a single level-one medical center. One-hundred and thirteen patients (13%) underwent DTS prior to surgery, and 731 patients (87%) did not. Patient characteristics, comorbidities, surgical variables, and length of the delay until surgery were recorded. A propensity score-matched cohort was utilized to reduce recruitment bias in a 1:3 ratio of DTS group to control group, and multivariate logistic regression was performed to control confounding variables.    Results  The incidence of 90-day cardiac complications was 19.5% in the DTS group and 15.6% in the control group ( p  = 0.343) among 452 patients after propensity score-matching. The 1-year mortality rate (10.6% vs 13.3%,  p  = 0.462) was similar in the two groups. In the propensity score-matched patients, utilization of DTS was not associated with a reduction in the rate of 90-day cardiac complications (matched cohort, adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 1.32; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.75–2.33,  p  = 0.332) or the 1-year mortality rate (aOR = 0.62; 95% CI 0.27–1.42,  p  = 0.259). Risk factors for cardiac complications included an American Society of Anesthesiologists grade ≥ 3 (OR 3.19, 95% CI 1.44–7.08,  p  = 0.004) and pre-existing cardiac comorbidities (OR 5.56, 95% CI 3.35–9.25,  p  < 0.001). Risk factors for 1-year mortality were a long time to surgery (aOR 1.15, 95% CI 1.06–1.25,  p  = 0.001), a greater age (aOR 1.05, 95% CI 1.00 to 1.10,  p  = 0.040), a low body mass index (BMI; aOR 0.89, 95% CI 0.81–0.98,  p  = 0.015), and the presence of renal disease (aOR 4.43, 95% CI 1.71–11.46,  p  = 0.002).    Discussion  Preoperative DTS was not associated with reductions in the rates of 90-day cardiac complications or 1-year mortality in patients with a femoral neck fracture undergoing hemiarthroplasty. The necessity for DTS should be re-evaluated in elderly patients with femoral neck fractures, given that this increases the length of the delay until surgery.    Level of evidence  Prognostic level III

journal of orthopaedic surgery and research

Does preoperative dipyridamole-thallium scanning reduce 90-day cardiac complications and 1-year mortality in patients with femoral neck fractures undergoing hemiarthroplasty?