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Background    Rice black-streaked dwarf virus  (RBSDV) and Southern rice black-streaked dwarf virus (SRBSDV) are two closely related fijiviruses transmitted by the small brown planthopper (SBPH) and white-backed planthopper (WBPH), respectively. SRBSDV has a latent period 4 days shorter than that of RBSDV, implying a more efficient spread in insect vector. Currently, the mechanisms underlying this higher efficiency are poorly understood. However, our recent studies have implicated a role of virus induced tubular structures in the dissemination of fijiiruses within their insect vectors.    Methods  Immunofluorescence labeling was performed to visualize and compare the dynamics of P7-1 tubule formation of the RBSDV and SRBSDV in their own vector insects and nonhost  Spodoptera frugiperda  (Sf9) cells.    Results  Tubule formation of SRBSDV P7-1 was faster than that of RBSDV P7-1. For RBSDV, P7-1 formed tubules were observed at 3-days post-first access to diseased plants (padp) in SBPH. For SRBSDV, these structures were detected as early as 1 day padp in WBPH. Importantly, similar phenomena were observed when P7-1 proteins from the two viruses were expressed alone in Sf9 cells.    Conclusions  Our research revealed a relationship between the speed of P7-1 tubule formation and virus dissemination efficiency and also supports a role of such tubular structures in the spread of reoviruses within insect vectors.

The speed of tubule formation of two fijiviruses corresponds with their dissemination efficiency in their insect vectors