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Background  Matrix metalloproteinases (Mmps) and their tissue inhibitors (Timps) are widely recognized as crucial factors for extracellular matrix remodeling in the ovary and are involved in follicular growth, ovulation, luteinization, and luteolysis during the estrous cycle. Recently, several genes have been associated to the modulation of Mmps activity, including  Basigin  ( Bsg) , which induces the expression of Mmps in rat ovaries;  Sparc , a TGF-β modulator that is related to increased expression of Mmps in cancer; and  Reck , which is associated with Mmps inhibition. However, the expression pattern of Mmp modulators in ovary dynamics is still largely uncharacterized.    Methods  To characterize the expression pattern of Mmps network members in ovary dynamics, we analyzed the spatio-temporal expression pattern of Reck and Sparc, as well as of Mmp2, Mmp9 and Mmp14 proteins, by immunohistochemistry (IHC), in pre-pubertal rat ovaries obtained from an artificial cycle induced by eCG/hCG, in the different phases of the hormone-induced estrous cycle. We also determined the gene expression profiles of  Mmps  ( 2 ,  9 ,  13 14 ),  Timps  ( 1 ,  2 ,  3 ),  Sparc ,  Bsg , and  Reck  to complement this panel.    Results  IHC analysis revealed that Mmp protein expression peaks at the early stages of folliculogenesis and ovulation, decreases during ovulation-luteogenesis transition and luteogenesis, increasing again during  corpus luteum  maintenance and luteolysis. The protein expression patterns of these metalloproteinases and Sparc were inverse relative to the pattern displayed by Reck. We observed that the gene expression peaks of Mmps inhibitors  Reck  and  Timp2  were closely paraleled by  Mmp2  and  Mmp9  suppression. The opposite was also true: increased  Mmp2  and  Mmp9  expression was concomitant to reduced  Reck  and  Timp2  levels.    Conclusion  Therefore, our results generate a spatio-temporal expression profile panel of Mmps and their regulators, suggesting that Reck and Sparc seem to play a role during ovarian dynamics: Reck as a possible inhibitor and Sparc as an inducer of Mmps.    Electronic supplementary material  The online version of this article (10.1186/s12958-018-0422-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Spatio-temporal expression profile of matrix metalloproteinase (Mmp) modulators Reck and Sparc during the rat ovarian dynamics