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Background  Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Previous studies have shown that complement component 3 (C3) is associated with atherosclerosis and cardiovascular risk factors.    Methods  We conducted this study to evaluate the associations between tagSNPs in the  C3  gene locus and the CAD susceptibility and lipid levels in the Chinese population. A hospital-based case-control study, including 1017 subjects (580 CAD patients and 437 non-CAD controls), was conducted. TagSNPs in the  C3  gene were searched and genotyped by using the polymerase chain reaction-ligase detection reaction method.    Results  The C3 levels were positively associated with the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels (r = 0.269,  P  = 0.001). Compared with those in controls, the serum C3 levels in CAD patients were significantly higher (Control: 0.94 + 0.14 g/l; CAD: 1.10 + 0.19 g/l,  P  < 0.001). No significant differences in genotype or allele frequencies were observed between CAD patients and controls. The minor T allele of rs2287848 was associated with low apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1) levels in controls (Bonferroni corrected P, Pc = 0.032). Linkage disequilibrium and haplotype analysis established two haplotype blocks (Block1: rs344555-rs2277984, Block 2: rs2287848-rs11672613) and six haplotypes. No significant associations between haplotypes and the risk of CAD were observed (all Pc > 0.05).    Conclusions  The results revealed that  C3  gene polymorphisms were associated with the lipid levels, but not CAD susceptibility in the Chinese population.

Complement C3 gene polymorphisms are associated with lipid levels, but not the risk of coronary artery disease: a case-control study