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Background  Insulin resistance (IR) and fat accumulation in visceral adipose tissue are key players in developing type 2 diabetes (T2D). Several adipose tissue derived-gene polymorphisms are related to higher body mass index (BMI), insulin resistance and T2D. The association of  omentin  rs2274907 (Val109Asp) and  fat-mass and obesity-associated (FTO)  rs9939609 gene polymorphisms with overweight/obesity and T2D is controversial. The aim of this study was to determine the association between  omentin  Val109Asp and  FTO  rs9939609 polymorphisms and insulin resistance in newly-diagnosed T2D patients.    Methods  The case-control study included 83 newly-diagnosed T2D patients and 85 healthy matched controls, aged 20–80 years. Fasting blood glucose and insulin levels were measured by the enzymatic method and enzyme-linked-immunosorbent assay, respectively. Insulin resistance was calculated using the homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) index. Genotyping was examined using the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP).    Results  There are significant differences between both  omentin  Val109Asp and  FTO  rs9939609 polymorphisms and studied individuals ( P  = 0.011 and  P  = 0.0001, respectively). Both genetic polymorphisms of  omentin  Val109Asp and  FTO  rs9939609 (T/A) are significantly related to higher HOMA index ( P  = 0.030 and  P  = 0.046, respectively). However,  omentin  Val109Asp polymorphism was only related to individuals who were overweight/obese. Additionally, both  omentin  Val109Asp and  FTO  rs9939609 polymorphisms were significantly positively correlated to familial history of diabetes ( P  = 0.046 and  P  = 0.024, respectively).    Conclusions   Omentin  V109D and  FTO  rs9939609 genetic variations may change insulin metabolism and have key roles in developing T2D through insulin resistance. Thus, the evaluation of these polymorphic regions may be helpful for predicting type 2 diabetes.

lipids in health and disease

Association of Omentin rs2274907 and FTO rs9939609 gene polymorphisms with insulin resistance in Iranian individuals with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes