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Background  To investigate the effects of a Chinese herbal medicine Fufang-Zhenzhu Tiaozhi Capsule (FTZ) on restenosis and elucidate the mechanism of action.    Methods  A restenosis model was established by balloon rubbing the endothelium of the abdominal aorta followed by high fat diet. Rabbits were divided into blank control group, restenosis group, FTZ group (0.66 mg/kg/day), atorvastatin group (5 mg/kg/day) and FTZ + atorvastatin group ( n  = 8). Vascular stenosis was analyzed by X-ray. Serum levels of chemokines and cytokines interleukin-1 (IL-1), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8), interleukin-12 (IL-12), C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) were measured by ELISA. The levels of NF-κB, IκB-α, P-IκBα, IKK-α, and P-IKKα/β from injured abdominal arteries were detected by Western blotting.    Results  Restenosis was induced successfully via abdominal artery balloon injuries and high fat diet. Restenosis was significantly decreased in FTZ group compared with restenosis group ( P < 0.05 ). FTZ group had markedly reduced serum lipid levels ( P < 0.05 ). In addition, the levels of TNF-α, IL-1, IL-6, IL-8, IL-12, ICAM-1 and MCP-1 decreased by FTZ treatment ( P < 0.05 ). The expression of NF-κB in the atherosclerotic lesions was significantly attenuated in FTZ group ( P < 0.05 ).    Conclusion  FTZ could reduce restenosis via reducing NF-κB activity and inflammatory factor expression within the atherosclerotic lesion in a rabbit restenosis model. FTZ may be a new therapeutic agent for restenosis.

Fufang-Zhenzhu-Tiaozhi Capsule reduces restenosis via the downregulation of NF-kappaB and inflammatory factors in rabbits