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Background  It is essential to detect carriers of carbapenemase-producing  Enterobacterales  in order to implement infection control measures. The objectives of this study was to evaluate the NG-Test ®  CARBA 5 (CARBA 5) assay for detection of five carbapenemases and to assess the cross reactivity of other OXA-type carbapenemases with the OXA-48-like specific antibodies.    Methods  A total of 197  Enterobacterales  isolates were tested. To evaluate the cross reactivity, 73 carbapenem-resistant  A. baumannii , harboring OXA-type variants, were tested. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) served as gold standard for carbapenemase identification.    Results  Excellent agreement was found between PCR and CARBA 5, for all but one isolate. The single false positive result (a  bla  SME  positive  S. marcescens  isolate) was incorrectly positive for  bla  OXA-48  by CARBA 5. No cross reactivity was observed. The sensitivity and specificity were 100.0% and 98.0%, respectively.    Conclusions  The CARBA 5 assay is highly sensitive and specific and is recommended as a tool for the detection of the main carbapenemases of interest in clinical microbiology laboratories.

Multiplex lateral flow immunochromatographic assay is an effective method to detect carbapenemases without risk of OXA-48-like cross reactivity