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Background  There is public concern regarding potential health effects of radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (RF-EMF) emitted by fixed site transmitters. We therefore investigated whether self-reported general well-being in adolescents is affected by RF-EMF exposure from mobile phone base stations (downlink) and broadcast transmitters (TV and radio).    Methods  In a prospective cohort study, 439 study participants aged 12-17 years, completed questionnaires about their self-reported well-being and possible confounding factors at baseline and one year later. Exposure from fixed site transmitters at home and school was calculated by using a geospatial propagation model.  Data were analysed using a mixed-logistic cross-sectional model of a combined dataset consisting of baseline and follow-up data and a longitudinal approach where we investigated whether exposure at baseline (cohort analysis) or changes in exposure between baseline and follow-up (change analysis) were related to a new onset of a symptom between baseline and follow-up. All analyses were adjusted for relevant confounders.    Results  Mean exposure (median; 75 th ) for broadcast transmitters, downlink and total exposure at baseline were 1.9 μW/m 2  (1.0 μW/m 2 ; 2.8 μW/m 2 ), 14.4 μW/m 2  (3.8 μW/m 2 ; 11.0 μW/m 2 ) and 16.3 μW/m 2  (5.8 μW/m 2 ; 13.4 μW/m 2 ), respectively. In cross-sectional analyses no associations were observed between any symptom and RF-EMF exposure from fixed site transmitters. In the cohort and change analyses only a few significant associations were observed including an increased OR for tiredness (2.94, 95%CI: 1.43 to 6.05) for participants in the top 25 th  percentile of total RF-EMF exposure from fixed site transmitters at baseline, in comparison to participants exposed below the median and a decreased OR for exhaustibility (0.50, 95%CI: 0.27 to 0.93) for participants with an exposure increase between baseline and follow-up.    Conclusions  In this cohort study, using a geospatial propagation model, RF-EMF exposure from fixed site transmitters was not consistently associated with self-reported symptoms in Swiss adolescents. The few observed associations have to be interpreted with caution and might represent chance findings.    Electronic supplementary material  The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12940-016-0158-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Symptoms in Swiss adolescents in relation to exposure from fixed site transmitters: a prospective cohort study