English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

Background  There is recent evidence that glucose delivered to the distal small intestine (SI) may stimulate the ileal brake and inhibit appetite. High polyphenolic grape extract (PGE) has been shown to inhibit α-amylase and α-glucosidase activity, two key enzymes required for starch digestion,  in vitro . It is hypothesised to slow digestion and absorption of starch in the proximal SI such that glucose may be delivered distally into the ileum and suppress appetite. This study investigated the safety and efficacy of a PGE supplement, delivered within a capsule and consumed with a high-starch breakfast, on appetite ratings and  ad libitum  energy intake (EI) at a subsequent lunch meal.    Methods  Twenty healthy, non-obese (BMI 18–28 kg/m 2 ) male volunteers participated in a randomised, double blind, placebo controlled, three arm, cross-over study. Participants were administered (i) low dose PGE 500  (500 mg), (ii) high dose PGE 1500  (1500 mg), and (iii) matched placebo with a 2MJ high-starch breakfast (white bread); followed 3 h later by a single item buffet-style lunch meal (pasta and meat sauce). Outcome variables were feelings of hunger, fullness, prospective thoughts of food (TOF) and satisfaction assessed using visual analogue scales (VAS); and  ad lib  energy and macronutrient intake at the lunch meal.    Results  There was no detectable effect of PGE 500  or PGE 1500  compared with placebo (all, time*supplement interaction,  P  > 0.05) on VAS-assessed hunger, fullness, TOF or satisfaction. There was also no evidence that PGE significantly altered  ad lib  energy or macronutrient intake at the lunch meal relative to placebo ( P  > 0.05). EI following PGE 500  was +164 kJ higher than placebo (+5.3 %,  P  > 0.05); and EI following PGE 1500 was −51 kJ lower than placebo (−1.7 %,  P  > 0.05).    Conclusions  Whilst well tolerated, there was no evidence that encapsulated low dose PGE 500  or high dose PGE 1500  consumed with a high starch breakfast meal altered postprandial hunger, fullness, TOF or satisfaction relative to a matched placebo. Nor was there evidence that either dose altered  ad lib  energy or macronutrient intake at an outcome meal.    Trial registration   ACTRN12614000041651

Postprandial effects of a polyphenolic grape extract (PGE) supplement on appetite and food intake: a randomised dose-comparison trial