English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

Background   Plasmodium falciparum  malaria increases plasma levels of the cytokine Fms-like tyrosine kinase 3 ligand (Flt3L), a haematopoietic factor associated with dendritic cell (DC) expansion. It is unknown if the zoonotic parasite  Plasmodium knowlesi  impacts Flt3L or DC in human malaria. This study investigated circulating DC and Flt3L associations in adult malaria and in submicroscopic experimental infection.    Methods  Plasma Flt3L concentration and blood CD141 +  DC, CD1c +  DC and plasmacytoid DC (pDC) numbers were assessed in (i) volunteers experimentally infected with  P. falciparum  and in Malaysian patients with uncomplicated (ii)  P. falciparum  or (iii)  P. knowlesi  malaria.    Results   Plasmodium knowlesi  caused a decline in all circulating DC subsets in adults with malaria. Plasma Flt3L was elevated in acute  P. falciparum  and  P. knowlesi  malaria with no increase in a subclinical experimental infection. Circulating CD141 +  DCs, CD1c +  DCs and pDCs declined in all adults tested, for the first time extending the finding of DC subset decline in acute malaria to the zoonotic parasite  P. knowlesi .    Conclusions  In adults, submicroscopic  Plasmodium  infection causes no change in plasma Flt3L but does reduce circulating DCs. Plasma Flt3L concentrations increase in acute malaria, yet this increase is insufficient to restore or expand circulating CD141 +  DCs, CD1c +  DCs or pDCs. These data imply that haematopoietic factors, yet to be identified and not Flt3L, involved in the sensing/maintenance of circulating DC are impacted by malaria and a submicroscopic infection. The zoonotic  P. knowlesi  is similar to other  Plasmodium  spp in compromising DC in adult malaria.

Reduced circulating dendritic cells in acute Plasmodium knowlesi and Plasmodium falciparum malaria despite elevated plasma Flt3 ligand levels