English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

Background  The humoral immune response against  Anopheles  salivary glands proteins in the vertebrate host can reflect the intensity of exposure to  Anopheles  bites and the risk of  Plasmodium  infection. In Colombia, the identification of exposure biomarkers is necessary due to the several  Anopheles  species circulating. The purpose of this study was to evaluate risk of malaria infection by measuring antibody responses against salivary glands extracts from  Anopheles  ( Nyssorhynchus )  albimanus  and  Anopheles  ( Nys. )  darlingi  and also against the gSG6-P1 peptide of  Anopheles gambiae  in people residing in a malaria endemic area in the Colombian Pacific coast.    Methods  Dried blood spots samples were eluted to measure the IgG antibodies against salivary gland extracts of  An. albimanus  strains STECLA (STE) and Cartagena (CTG) and  An. darlingi  and the gSG6-P1 peptide by ELISA in uninfected people and microscopic and submicroscopic  Plasmodium  carriers from the Colombia Pacific Coast. A multiple linear mixed regression model, Spearman correlation, and Mann–Whitney U-test were used to analyse IgG data.    Results  Significant differences in specific IgG levels were detected between infected and uninfected groups for salivary glands extracts from  An. albimanus  and for gSG6-P1, also IgG response to CTG and gSG6-P1 peptide were positively associated with the IgG response to  Plasmodium falciparum  in the mixed model.    Conclusion  The CTG and STE  An. albimanus  salivary glands extracts are a potential source of new  Anopheles  salivary biomarkers to identify exposure to the main malaria vector and to calculate risk of disease in the Colombian Pacific coast. Also, the gSG6-P1 peptide has the potential to quantify human exposure to the subgenus  Anopheles  vectors in the same area.

IgG antibody response against Anopheles salivary gland proteins in asymptomatic Plasmodium infections in Narino, Colombia