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Background  The development of resistance in vectors is one of the major impediments for malaria control. Adding synergists to insecticides has proven to be an alternative choice for controlling resistant mosquitoes. DawaPlus 3.0 and DawaPlus 4.0 are new long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) in which deltamethrin and a synergist, piperonyl butoxide (PBO) are added into filaments and their efficacy was tested against resistant malaria vector,  Anopheles culicifacies  in experimental huts in India.    Methods  The performance of two trial nets in terms of deterrence induced exiting, blood-feeding inhibition and mortality of  An. culicifacies  was compared with DawaPlus 2.0 and untreated net.    Results  There was a significant reduction in entry, blood feeding and mortality (p < 0.05) and increase in exit rates of  An. culicifacies  in the treatment arms compared to untreated arm. But, both candidate LNs washed 20 times could not perform better than the washed reference net (DawaPlus 2.0). Cone bioassay results showed that all the treatment arms (both washed and unwashed) produced < 80% mortality of  An. culicifacies  before and after hut evaluation.    Conclusions  DawaPlus 3.0 and DawaPlus 4.0 with their current specification may not be as effective as required to control the resistant vector,  An. culicifacies,  in east-central India.

malaria journal

Evaluation of DawaPlus 3.0 and DawaPlus 4.0, deltamethrin–PBO combination nets against pyrethroid-resistant Anopheles culicifacies in experimental huts in India