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Background  The invasive Asian tiger mosquito  Aedes albopictus  has dramatically expanded its distribution range, being catalogued as one of the world’s 100 worst invasive alien species. As vectors of pathogens,  Ae. albopictus  may create novel epidemiological scenarios in the invaded areas.    Methods  Here, the frequency of encounters of  Ae. albopictus  with the avian malaria parasite  Plasmodium  and the related  Haemoproteus  was studied in an area with established populations in northeastern Italy and compared with those from four native mosquito species,  Anopheles maculipennis s.l., Culex hortensis ,  Culex pipiens , and  Ochlerotatus caspius . The abdomens of mosquitoes with a recent blood meal were used to identify both the blood meal source and the parasites harboured.    Results   Aedes albopictus  had a clear antropophilic behaviour while  An. maculipennis  and  Oc. caspius  fed mainly on non-human mammals. Birds were the most common hosts of  Cx. pipiens  and reptiles of  Cx. hortensis . Parasites were isolated from three mosquito species, with  Cx. pipiens  (30%) showing the highest parasite prevalence followed by  Cx. hortensis  (9%) and  Ae. albopictus  (5%).    Conclusions  These results are the first identifying the avian malaria parasites harboured by mosquitoes in Italy and represent the first evidence supporting that, although  Ae. albopictus  could be involved in the transmission of avian malaria parasites, the risk of avian malaria parasite spread by this invasive mosquito in Europe would be minimal.

malaria journal

Avian malaria parasites in the last supper: identifying encounters between parasites and the invasive Asian mosquito tiger and native mosquito species in Italy