English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

Background  No data is available on the molecular background of the extra-nodal extension (ENE) of lymph node metastasis (LN) in colorectal cancer (CRC).    Methods  A series of 22 ENE-positive CRCs was considered and three samples per case were selected (the primary CRC, an ENE-negative and an ENE-positive metastatic LN). Samples (n = 66) were analysed by immunohistochemistry for PD-L1, CD4, CD8, CD68 and CD80. Fifteen out of twenty-two cases were further profiled through a hotspot multigene mutational custom panel, including 164 hotspot regions of  AKT1 ,  APC ,  BRAF ,  CTNNB1 ,  KIT ,  KRAS ,  NRAS ,  PDGFRA ,  PIK3CA ,  PTEN  and  TP53  genes.    Results  A significantly higher percentage of CD4-, CD8- and CD68-positive cells was observed at the invasive front of both CRCs and in ENE in contrast with what observed at the core of both CRCs and their matched nodal metastases. ENE was also characterized by a significantly higher number of CD80-positive cells. No significant difference was observed in PD-L1 distribution among the different specimens. Fourteen out of 15 CRCs (93%) showed at least a driver mutation. The most frequently mutated gene was  TP53  (n = 8 tumors), followed by  APC  (n = 6),  BRAF  (n = 4),  KRAS ,  NRAS  and  PIK3CA  (n = 2). In 11 out of 15 CRCs (73%) the mutational profiling of the primary tumor was consistent with what obtained from the two matched LNs.    Conclusions  A heterogeneous intratumor immune-microenvironment has been observed in ENE-positive CRCs, which are characterized by an increased leukocytic infiltration at the ENE invasive front.

Assessment of intratumor immune-microenvironment in colorectal cancers with extranodal extension of nodal metastases