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Background  Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is one of the prevalent and deadly cancers worldwide, especially in China. Considering the poor prognosis of ESCC, the aim of this study is to dissect the effects of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) AK001796 on cell proliferation and cell cycle in vitro and tumorigenicity in vivo, providing therapeutic targets for ESCC.    Methods  We conducted quantitative real time PCR to detect the expression level of lncRNA AK001796 in human ESCC tumor and adjacent non-tumor tissues, and analyzed the correlation between lncRNA AK001796 expression and clinicopathologic feature of ESCC patients. Then we knocked down the expression of lncRNA AK001796 in human ESCC cell lines Eca-109 and TE-1, and next inspected cell cycle and apoptosis condition in these cells using flow cytometry. Subsequently, we used CCK-8 assay to test proliferation ability of the lncRNA AK001796-silenced ESCC cells, and the MDM2/p53 signaling pathway in these cells was analyzed by western blot analysis. At last, the ESCC xenograft models were established to verify the role of lncRNA AK001796 on the occurrence and development of ESCC.    Results  In this study, we demonstrated that lncRNA AK001796 was significantly upregulated in ESCC tumor tissues compared to adjacent non-tumor tissues. Knockdown of lncRNA AK001796 inhibited ESCC cell growth, cell cycle, and tumor growth in a xenograft mouse model via regulating MDM2/p53 signal pathway. The expression of lncRNA AK001796 was positively correlated with MDM2 levels in human ESCC samples.    Conclusions  Overall, lncRNA AK001796 regulates cell proliferation and cell cycle via modulating MDM2/p53 signaling in ESCC, which provides a new insight into the treatment targets for ESCC.   Trial registration  This study was registrated in the Ethics Committee of the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Trial registration: 2012-SR-127, Registered 20 January 2012)    Electronic supplementary material  The online version of this article (10.1186/s12935-018-0537-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

The long non-coding RNA AK001796 contributes to tumor growth via regulating expression of p53 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma