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Background  Neuroblastoma is a neural crest-derived tumor and is the most common cancer in children less than 1 year of age. We hypothesized that aberrations in genes that control the cell cycle could play an important role in the pathogenesis of neuroblastoma and could provide a tractable therapeutic target.    Methods  In this study, we screened 131 genes involved in cell cycle regulation at different levels by analyzing the effect of siRNA-mediated gene silencing on the proliferation of neuroblastoma cells.    Results  Marked reductions in neuroblastoma cellular proliferation were recorded after knockdown of  CCND1  or  PLK1 . We next showed that pharmacological inhibition of cyclin D1 dependent kinases 4/6 (CDK4/6) with PD 0332991 (palbociclib) reduced the growth of neuroblastoma cell lines, induced G1 cell cycle arrest, and inhibited the cyclin D1-Rb pathway.    Conclusion  Selective inhibition of CDK4/6 using palbociclib may provide a new therapeutic option for treating neuroblastoma.    Electronic supplementary material  The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12935-015-0224-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Inhibition of CDK4/6 as a novel therapeutic option for neuroblastoma