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Background  Acetoin (AC) and 2,3-butanediol (2,3-BD) as highly promising bio-based platform chemicals have received more attentions due to their wide range of applications. However, the non-efficient substrate conversion and mutually transition between AC and 2,3-BD in their natural producing strains not only led to a low selectivity but also increase the difficulty of downstream purification. Therefore, synthetic engineering of more suitable strains should be a reliable strategy to selectively produce AC and 2,3-BD, respectively.    Results  In this study, the respective AC ( alsS  and  alsD ) and 2,3-BD biosynthesis pathway genes ( alsS ,  alsD , and  bdhA ) derived from  Bacillus subtilis  168 were successfully expressed in non-natural AC and 2,3-BD producing  Corynebacterium crenatum , and generated recombinant strains,  C. crenatum  SD and  C. crenatum  SDA, were proved to produce 9.86 g L −1  of AC and 17.08 g L −1  of 2,3-BD, respectively. To further increase AC and 2,3-BD selectivity, the AC reducing gene ( butA ) and lactic acid dehydrogenase gene ( ldh ) in  C. crenatum  were then deleted. Finally,  C. crenatum Δ butA Δ ldh  SD produced 76.93 g L −1  AC in one-step biocatalysis with the yield of 0.67 mol mol −1 . Meanwhile, after eliminating the lactic acid production and enhancing 2,3-butanediol dehydrogenase activity,  C. crenatum Δ ldh  SDA synthesized 88.83 g L −1  of 2,3-BD with the yield of 0.80 mol mol −1 .    Conclusions  The synthetically engineered  C. crenatum Δ butA Δ ldh  SD and  C. crenatum Δ ldh  SDA in this study were proved as an efficient microbial cell factory for selective AC and 2,3-BD production. Based on the insights from this study, further synthetic engineering of  C. crenatum  for AC and 2,3-BD production is suggested.    Electronic supplementary material  The online version of this article (10.1186/s12934-019-1183-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Synthetic engineering of Corynebacterium crenatum to selectively produce acetoin or 2,3-butanediol by one step bioconversion method