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Background  Vegetable ‘mandi’ (road-side vegetable market) waste was converted to a suitable fermentation medium for cultivation of oleaginous yeast  Rhodosporidium toruloides  by steaming under pressure. This cultivation medium derived from waste was found to be a comparatively better source of nutrients than standard culture media because it provided more than one type of usable carbon source(s) to yeast.    Results  HPLC results showed that the extract contained glucose, xylose and glycerol along with other carbon sources, allowing triauxic growth pattern with preferably usage of glucose, xylose and glycerol resulting in enhanced growth, lipid and carotenoid production. Presence of saturated and unsaturated fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) (C 14-20 ) in the lipid profile showed that the lipid may be transesterified for biodiesel production.    Conclusion  Upscaling these experiments to fermenter scale for the production of lipids and biodiesel and other industrially useful products would lead to waste management along with the production of value added commodities. The technique is thus environment friendly and gives good return upon investment.Electronic supplementary material  The online version of this article (10.1186/s12934-018-1026-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Triauxic growth of an oleaginous red yeast Rhodosporidium toruloides on waste ‘extract’ for enhanced and concomitant lipid and β-carotene production