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Background   Pseudomonas chlororaphis  HT66 isolated from the rice rhizosphere is an important plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria that produce phenazine-1-carboxamide (PCN) in high yield. Phenazine production is regulated by a quorum sensing (QS) system that involves the  N -acylated homoserine lactones (AHLs)—a prevalent type of QS molecule.    Results  Three QS signals were detected by thin layer chromatography (TLC) and high-performance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (HPLC–MS/MS), which identified to be  N -(3-hydroxy hexanoyl)- l -homoserine lactone (3-OH-C6-HSL),  N -(3-hydroxy octanoyl)- l -homoserine lactone (3-OH-C8-HSL) and  N -(3-hydroxy decanoyl)- l -homoserine lactone (3-OH-C10-HSL). The signal types and methods of synthesis were different from that in other phenazine-producing  Pseudomonas  strains. By non-scar deletion and heterologous expression techniques, the biosynthesis of the AHL-signals was confirmed to be only catalyzed by  Phz I, while other AHLs synthases i.e.,  Csa I  and Hdt S were not involved in strain HT66. In comparison to wild-type HT66, PCN production was 2.3-folds improved by over-expression of  phz I, however,  phz I or  phz R mutant did not produce PCN. The cell growth of HT66∆phzI mutant was significantly decreased, and the biofilm formation in  phz I or  phz R inactivated strains of HT66 decreased to various extents.    Conclusion  In conclusion, the results demonstrate that  Phz I– Phz R system plays a critical role in numerous biological processes including phenazine production.    Electronic supplementary material  The online version of this article (10.1186/s12934-017-0854-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Identification, synthesis and regulatory function of the N-acylated homoserine lactone signals produced by Pseudomonas chlororaphis HT66