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Background  Kaempferol is a flavonol with broad bioactivity of anti-oxidant, anti-cancer, anti-diabetic, anti-microbial, cardio-protective and anti-asthma. Microbial synthesis of kaempferol is a promising strategy because of the low content in primary plant source.    Methods  In this study, the biosynthesis pathway of kaempferol was constructed in the budding yeast  Saccharomyces cerevisiae  to produce kaempferol de novo, and several biological measures were taken for high production.    Results  Firstly, a high efficient flavonol synthases (FLS) from  Populus deltoides  was introduced into the biosynthetic pathway of kaempferol. Secondly, a  S. cerevisiae  recombinant was constructed for de novo synthesis of kaempferol, which generated about 6.97 mg/L kaempferol from glucose. To further promote kaempferol production, the acetyl-CoA biosynthetic pathway was overexpressed and  p -coumarate was supplied as substrate, which improved kaempferol titer by about 23 and 120%, respectively. Finally, a fed-batch process was developed for better kaempferol fermentation performance, and the production reached 66.29 mg/L in 40 h.    Conclusions  The titer of kaempferol in our engineered yeast is 2.5 times of the highest reported titer. Our study provides a possible strategy to produce kaempferol using microbial cell factory.    Electronic supplementary material  The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12934-017-0774-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Biosynthesis and engineering of kaempferol in Saccharomyces cerevisiae