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Background   Campylobacter  spp. are a major cause of bacterial food-borne diarrhoeal disease. This mainly arises through contamination of meat products during processing. For infection,  Campylobacter  spp. must adhere to epithelial cells of the mucus layer, survive conditions of the gastrointestinal tract, and colonise the intestine of the host. Addition of probiotic bacteria might promote competitive adhesion to epithelial cells, consequently reducing  Campylobacter jejuni  colonisation. Effect of  Lactobacillus  spp. (PCS20, PCS22, PCS25, LGG, PCK9) on  C. jejuni  adhesion, invasion and translocation in pig (PSI cl.1) and chicken (B1OXI) small-intestine cell lines, as well as pig enterocytes (CLAB) was investigated.    Results  Overall, in competitive adhesion assays with PSI cl.1 and CLAB cell monolayers, the addition of  Lactobacillus  spp. reduced  C. jejuni  adherence to the cell surface, and negatively affected the  C. jejuni  invasion. Interestingly,  Lactobacillus  spp. significantly impaired  C. jejuni  adhesion in three-dimensional functional PSI cl.1 and B1OXI cell models. Also,  C. jejuni  did not translocate across PSI cl.1 and B1OXI cell monolayers when co-incubated with probiotics. Among selected probiotics,  Lactobacillus rhamnosus  LGG was the strain that reduced adhesion efficacy of  C. jejuni  most significantly under co-culture conditions.    Conclusion  The addition of  Lactobacillus  spp. to feed additives in livestock nutrition might be an effective novel strategy that targets  Campylobacter  adhesion to epithelial cells, and thus prevents colonisation, reduces the transmission, and finally lowers the incidence of human campylobacteriosis.

bmc veterinary research

Effect of Lactobacillus spp. on adhesion, invasion, and translocation of Campylobacter jejuni in chicken and pig small-intestinal epithelial cell lines