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Background  The Cumberland Gap Region (CGR) of the United States is a natural corridor between the southeastern, northeastern, and midwestern regions of the country. CGR has also many species of ticks and mosquitos that serve as competent vectors for important animal and human pathogens. In this study, we tested dogs from six different animal shelters in the CGR for Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF), anaplasmosis, Lyme disease, canine ehrlichiosis and canine heartworm disease.    Results  Sera from 157 shelter dogs were tested for antibodies to RMSF agent,  Rickettsia rickettsii , using an indirect immunofluorescence assay. Sixty-six dogs (42.0%) were positive for either IgM or IgG, or both IgM and IgG antibodies to  R. rickettsii . Moreover, the same set of sera ( n  = 157) plus an and additional sera ( n  = 75) from resident dogs at the same shelters were tested using the SNAP 4Dx Plus. Of 232 dogs tested, two (0.9%) were positive for antibodies to  Anaplasma phagocytophilum/A. platys , nine (3.9%) were positive for antibodies to  Borrelia burgdorferi , 23 (9.9%) for positive for antibodies to  Ehrlichia canis/E. ewingii , and 13 (5.6%) were positive for  Dirofilaria immitis  antigen. Co-infection with two or more etiologic agents was detected in five animals. Three dogs had antibodies to both  B. burgdorferi  and  E. canis/E. ewingii , and two dogs were positive for  D. immitis  antigen and antibodies to  B. burgdorferi  and  E. canis/E. ewingii .    Conclusions  Shelter dogs in the CGR are exposed to a number of important vector-borne pathogens. Further studies are required to ascertain the roles these animals play in maintenance and transmission of these pathogens.

Serosurvey of arthropod-borne diseases among shelter dogs in the Cumberland Gap Region of the United States