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Background  Farm animals are usually suspected to transmit infections to humans. Domestic cavies ( Cavia porcellus ) are hosts to a variety of pathogens, some of which are zoonotic. Several parasites including the protozoa  Giardia  spp. and  Cryptosporidium  spp. may be causative agents of gastrointestinal disorders in domestic cavies and humans. The aim of the study was to investigate the occurrence of potentially zoonotic protozoa as well as any potential zoonotic gastrointestinal parasite in domestic cavies raised under a semi extensive system in the rural areas of Cameroon.    Results    Giardia / Cryptosporidium  antigens were detected in 12.90% of cavies. Helminthe eggs were found in 1.52% of animals. The prevalence of  Paraspidodera uncinata ,  Heligmosomoides polygyrus  (also known as  Nematospiroides dubius ) and  Trichuris sp.  was 1% (4/397), 0.3% (1/397), and 0.3% (1/397), respectively. Presence of  Giardia / Cryptosporidium  was unrelated to the occurrence of diarrhea, as none of the positive samples was from a diarrheic individual.    Conclusion  Domestic cavies are hosts of  Giardia / Cryptosporidium  and appear as potential source of human giardiasis, cryptosporidiosis and infection with  H. polygyrus  in Cameroon. In keeping with the One Health Initiative, veterinarians and medical doctors should collaborate to address the problem of  Giardia  and  Cryptosporidium  infection in cavies and cavy breeders both in Cameroon and other countries with a similar cavy breeding system. Follow-up studies are required to further taxonomically characterize these cavy parasites and to determine their routes of transmission to humans.    Electronic supplementary material  The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12917-017-1096-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

A survey for potentially zoonotic gastrointestinal parasites in domestic cavies in Cameroon (Central Africa)