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Background    Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae  is the etiological agent of porcine pleuropneumonia, which leads to large economic losses to the swine industry worldwide. In this study, S-8 △clpP△apxIIC , a double-deletion mutant of  A. pleuropneumoniae  was constructed, and its safety and protective efficacy were evaluated in pigs.    Results  The S-8 △clpP△apxIIC  mutant exhibited attenuated virulence in a murine (BALB/c) model, and caused no detrimental effects on pigs even at a dose of up to 1.0 × 10 9  CFU. Furthermore, the S-8 △clpP△apxIIC  mutant was able to induce a strong immune response in pigs, which included high levels of IgG1 and IgG2, stimulated gamma interferon (IFN-γ), interleukin 12 (IL-12), and interleukin 4 (IL-4) production, and conferred effective protection against the lethal challenge with  A. pleuropneumoniae  serovars 7 or 5a. The pigs in the S-8 △clpP△apxIIC  immunized groups have no lesions and reduced bacterial loads in the lung tissue after challenge.    Conclusions  The data obtained in this study suggest that the S-8 △clpP△apxIIC  mutant can serve as a highly immunogenic and potential live attenuated vaccine candidate against  A. pleuropneumoniae  infection.

bmc veterinary research

Attenuated Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae double-deletion mutant S-8∆clpP/apxIIC confers protection against homologous or heterologous strain challenge