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Background  In 2012, Switzerland has introduced a diagnosis related group (DRG) system for hospital financing to increase the efficiency and transparency of hospital services and to reduce costs. However, little is known about the efficiency of specific processes within hospitals. The objective of this study is to describe the relationship between timing of radiological interventions, in particular scan and treatment day, and the length of stay (LOS) compliance in a hospital.    Methods  This is a cross-sectional observational study based on administrative records of all DRG cases in a Swiss university hospital in 2013, enriched by data from the radiology information system and accounting details. The data are analysed using descriptive statistics and regression methods.    Results  Radiology and related treatment on a weekend is associated with a higher LOS compliance of approximately 22.12 %  ( p <0.01) compared to scans and treatments on weekdays, controlling for gender, age and insurance of the patient, as well as detailed medical and radiology-related factors. The higher LOS compliance is driven by emergency cases, which supports the hypothesis that for those cases on weekends more efficient scan and treatment processes are in place.    Conclusion  The study provides evidence on how days of radiological intervention are related to LOS compliance in a Swiss hospital under DRG and attempts to explain how this is linked to standardised operating procedures. Our results have implications regarding potential cost savings in hospital care through alignment of care processes, infrastructure planning and guidance of patient flows.    Electronic supplementary material  The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12913-017-2055-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Is the timing of radiological intervention and treatment day associated with economic outcomes in DRG-financed health care systems: a case study