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Background    Shinrin-yoku  (experiencing the forest atmosphere or forest bathing) has received increasing attention from the perspective of preventive medicine in recent years. Some studies have reported that the forest environment decreases blood pressure. However, little is known about the possibility of anti-hypertensive applications of  Shinrin-yoku . This study aimed to evaluate preventive or therapeutic effects of the forest environment on blood pressure.    Methods  We systematically reviewed the medical literature and performed a meta-analysis.Four electronic databases were systematically searched for the period before May 2016 with language restriction of English and Japanese. The review considered all published, randomized, controlled trials, cohort studies, and comparative studies that evaluated the effects of the forest environment on changes in systolic blood pressure. A subsequent meta-analysis was performed.    Results  Twenty trials involving 732 participants were reviewed. Systolic blood pressure of the forest environment was significantly lower than that of the non-forest environment. Additionally, diastolic blood pressure of the forest environment was significantly lower than that of the non-forest environment.    Conclusions  This systematic review shows a significant effect of  Shinrin-yoku  on reduction of blood pressure.    Electronic supplementary material  The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12906-017-1912-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Blood pressure-lowering effect of Shinrin-yoku (Forest bathing): a systematic review and meta-analysis