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Background  Alternative treatment strategies have become essential in overcoming the problem of drug-resistant  Mycobacterium tuberculosis  ( Mtb ). In this preliminary in vitro study, the anti-tuberculosis (anti-TB) activity of exogenous iron chelators (xenosiderophores) such as Exochelin-MS (Exo-MS) and Deferoxamine-B (DFO-B) was evaluated against ten multi-drug-resistant (MDR) and seven pyrazinamide-resistant ( PZA    R  )  Mtb  isolates.    Methods  Mycobacteria Growth Indicator Tube-Drug Susceptibility Test was used to assess the anti-TB effect of Exo-MS or DFO-B individually and their combinations with isoniazid ( INH ), rifampicin ( RIF ) and pyrazinamide ( PZA ).    Results  For the MDR- Mtb  isolates, Exo-MS alone inhibited two out of the five isolates tested. Whereas, DFO-B alone inhibited nine out of the ten MDR isolates tested. For  PZA -resistant  Mtb  isolates, both Exo-MS and DFO-B individually inhibited five out of the seven isolates. The MIC of Exo-MS in combination with  INH ,  RIF  and  PZA  remained the same. The MIC of DFO-B decreased when tested in combination with  INH ,  RIF  and  PZA .    Conclusions  Exo-MS and DFO-B were shown to have activity against drug-resistant  Mtb  isolates. Therefore, these xenosiderophores may be useful adjuncts to antibiotics in overcoming the problem of drug-resistant  Mtb  in clinical setting.

bmc complementary and alternative medicine

Preliminary evaluation of anti-tuberculosis potential of siderophores against drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis by mycobacteria growth indicator tube-drug sensitivity test