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Background  Shenghui soup is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine used in clinic for the treatment of forgetfulness. In order to understanding the prescription principle, the effects of “tonifying  qi  and strengthening spleen” group (TQSS) including  Poria cocos  (Schw.) Wolf. and  Panax ginseng  C.A.Mey and “eliminating phlegm and strengthening intelligence” group (EPSI) composed of  Polygala tenuifolia  Willd.,  Acorus calamus  L. and  Sinapis alba  L from the herb complex on neurite growth in PC12 cells, two disassembled prescriptions derived from Shenghui soup and their molecular mechanisms were investigated.    Methods  Firstly, CCK-8 kit was used to detect the impact of the two prescriptions on PC12 cell viability; and Flow cytometry was performed to measure the cell apoptosis when PC12 cells were treated with these drugs. Secondly, the effect of the two prescriptions on the differentiation of PC12 cells was observed. Finally, the mRNA and protein expression levels of GAP-43 were analyzed by RT-PCR and western blot, respectively.    Results  “Tonifying  qi  and strengthening spleen” prescription decreased cell viability in a dose-dependent manner, but had no significant effect on cell apoptosis. Meanwhile, it could improve neurite growth and elevate the mRNA and protein expression level of GAP-43. “Eliminating phlegm and strengthening intelligence” prescription also exerted the similar effects on cell viability and apoptosis. Furthermore, it could also enhance cell neurite growth, with a higher expression level of GAP-43 mRNA and protein.    Conclusion  “Tonifying qi and strengthening spleen” and “eliminating phlegm and strengthening intelligence” prescriptions from Shenghui soup have a positive effect on neurite growth. Their effects are related to the up-regulating expression of GAP-43.    Electronic supplementary material  The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12906-016-1339-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

The prescriptions from Shenghui soup enhanced neurite growth and GAP-43 expression level in PC12 cells