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Background  African trypanosomosis is the disease caused by extracellular protozoan parasites of the genus  Trypanosoma  transmitted by tsetse flies. The current study has evaluated the trypanocidal activity of  Commiphora swynnertonii  extracts on  Trypanosoma congolense .    Methods  The effect of ethanolic stem bark and resinous extracts on motility of  T. congolense  was evaluated by  in vitro  study at concentrations of 2 mg/ml and 4 mg/ml. Then, trypanocidal activity was evaluated by drug incubation infectivity test using mice at concentrations of 0.4 mg/ml and 2 mg/ml. In both studies negative (without drug) and positive (diminazene diaceturate) controls were used.    Results  The  in vitro  study showed that, ethanolic stem bark extract of  C. swynnertonii  at concentration of 4 mg/ml caused complete cessation of motility for  T. congolense  in 30 min. However, resinous ethanolic extract had delayed effect on cessation of motility of  T. congolense  observed at 90 and 100 min post-incubation at concentrations of 4 mg/ml and 2 mg/ml respectively. The drug incubation infectivity test study depicted that ethanolic stem bark extract at concentration of 2 mg/ml significantly ( p =  0.000) reduced the infectivity of  T. congolense  in mice. However, it did not vary significantly ( P  =0.897) with group treated with diminazene diaceturate incubated mixture.    Conclusion  The current study has provided evidence that, ethanolic stem bark extract of  C. swynnertonii  possess trypanocidal activity against  T. congolense . Based on these findings, further studies are recommended to determine its potential as a lead to trypanocidal drug discovery.

Trypanocidal activity of ethanolic extracts of Commiphora swynnertonii Burtt on Trypanosoma congolense