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Background  Type 2 diabetes is a serious problem for developed and developing countries. Prevention of prediabetes progression to type 2 diabetes with the use of natural products appears to be a cost-effective solution.  Zingiber mioga  has been used as a traditional food in Asia. Recent research has reported the potential health benefits of  Zingiber mioga , but the blood glucose reducing effect has not been yet evaluated.    Methods  In this study  Zingiber mioga  extracts (water and ethanol) were investigated for their anti-hyperglycemic and antioxidant potential using both in vitro and animal models. The in vitro study evaluated the total phenolic content, the oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) and the inhibitory effect against carbohydrate hydrolyzing enzymes (porcine pancreatic α-amylase and rat intestinal sucrase and maltase) of both  Zingiber mioga  extracts. Also, the extracts were evaluated for their in vivo post-prandial blood glucose reducing effect using SD rat and  db/db  mice models.    Results  Our findings suggest that the ethanol extract of  Zingiber mioga  (ZME) exhibited the higher sucrase and maltase inhibitory activity (IC 50 , 3.50 and 3.13 mg/mL) and moderate α-amylase inhibitory activity (IC50, >10 mg/mL). Additionally, ZME exhibited potent peroxyl radical scavenging linked antioxidant activity (0.53/TE 1 μM). The in vivo study using SD rat and  db/db  mice models also showed that ZME reduces postprandial increases of blood glucose level after an oral administration of sucrose by possibly acting as an intestinal α-glucosidase inhibitor (ZME 0.1 g/kg 55.61 ± 13.24 mg/dL)    Conclusion  The results indicate that  Zingiber mioga  extracts exhibited significant in vitro α-glucosidase inhibition and antioxidant activity. Additionally, the tested extracts demonstrated in vivo anti-hyperglycemic effects using SD rat and  db/db  mice models. Our findings provide a strong rationale for the further evaluation of  Zingiber mioga  for the potential to contribute as a useful dietary strategy to manage postprandial hyperglycemia.

bmc complementary and alternative medicine

In vitro and in vivo reduction of post-prandial blood glucose levels by ethyl alcohol and water Zingiber mioga extracts through the inhibition of carbohydrate hydrolyzing enzymes