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Background  A decoction composed of  Adenanthera pavonina  L. and  Thespesia populnea  L. is currently being used in the treatment of cancer patients.    Methods  Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) release, (3-(4, 5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) MTT, and Sulforhodamine B (SRB) assays were carried out to study cytotoxicity and anti-proliferative activity against the HEp-2 cells, 24 h post-treatment with the decoction.    Results  The mean (± SD) values of EC 50  were 195.50 (±40.68), 120.02 (±29.82) and 77.06 (±8.80) μg/ml for LDH, MTT, and SRB assays respectively. These results strongly correlate the morphological changes observed in cells treated with the decoction. Induction of apoptosis was visualized by fluorescence microscopy stained with ethidium bromide/acridine orange dye mix. In addition, brine shrimp lethality assay showed an EC 50  value at a higher concentration (1.96 mg/mL).    Conclusions  These results suggest that the decoction prepared with  Adenanthera pavonina  L. and  Thespesia populnea  L. exhibits anti-proliferative activity and induces apoptosis on the HEp-2 cancer cells but no toxicity against  Artemia salina .

Evaluation of anticancer properties of a decoction containing Adenanthera pavonina L. and Thespesia populnea L.