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Background  Well known as teak,  Tectona grandis  is widely used in African folk medicine for its pharmacological relevance. In Cameroon, this species is a reputed laxative in the Northern Region while in the Western Region, it is used in the treatment of skin diseases and diarrhoea.    Materials and methods  Separation and isolation of compounds were performed using different chromatographic methods while their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic techniques including MS and NMR, and by comparison of data with those reported in the literature. Isolated compounds as well as crude ethanol extract were tested for their antibacterial activities using broth micro-dilution method against four Gram negative bacteria strains  Escherichia coli  (ATCC 8739),  Pseudomonas aeruginosa  (PA 01),  Klebsiella pneumonia  (ATCC 11296) and  Escherichia aerogenes  (ATCC 13048).    Results  Three known compounds were isolated, including two quinones and one triterpene. They were identified as tectograndone ( 1 ), 6-methyl-1,4-dihydroxyanthraquinone ( 2 ), and 2β-hydroxyursolic acid ( 3 ) respectively. Crude ethanol extract showed good activity against the bacteria strains tested with MIC of 64–256 μg/mL. Among the isolated metabolites, 6-methyl-1,4-dihydroxyanthraquinone exhibited a strong activity against  Escherichia aerogenes  with MIC of 16 μg/mL, while tectograndone showed a moderate activity against  Escherichia coli  with MIC of 32 μg/mL. The antibacterial screening of the fruits of this plant as well as that of compounds  1  and  2  is reported herein for the first time.    Conclusion  The research work presented here shows that  Tectona grandis  fruits possess compounds which could be developed in the treatment of bacterial diseases.

Antibacterial activity of ethanolic extract and compounds from fruits of Tectona grandis (Verbenaceae)