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Background This study aimed to compare retention and fracture load in endocrowns made from translucent zirconia and zirconium lithium silicate. Methods Fifty-six intact human maxillary molars after being mounted in acrylic resin, were scanned to acquire biogeneric copies. Specimens underwent standard endodontic treatment and were prepared for endocrown up to 2 mm above the cementoenamel junction. The specimens were randomly divided into two groups of 28, and endocrowns were designed using biogeneric copies and milled from high-translucent zirconia disks (Zr) and zirconium lithium silicate blocks (ZLS). After cementation with dual-cure resin cement, all the specimens underwent thermomechanical aging, and pull-out retention test and compressive test were conducted (14 specimens were used for each test in each group, n = 14), and failure modes in both tests were evaluated. Results Independent samples t-test showed significant difference between the retention of Zr (271.5 N ± 114.31) and ZLS (654.67 N ± 223.17) groups ( p  value = 0.012). Compressive test results were also significantly different between Zr (7395.07 N ± 1947.42) and ZLS (1618.3 N ± 585) ( p  = 0.002). Failure mode of retention test was primarily adhesive failure at the cement-restoration interface in Zr group and cement-tooth interface in ZLS group. Failure modes of fracture test for Zr group were 7 non-restorable fractures and one restorable fracture while 6 specimens resisted compressive loads up to 8500 N without fracture. ZLS group showed 7 restorable and 7 non-restorable failures. Conclusions Zr endocrowns showed significantly lower retention and higher fracture strength. Both materials seem to be suitable for fabrication of endocrown in clinical setup.

Comparison of retention and fracture load of endocrowns made from zirconia and zirconium lithium silicate after aging: an in vitro study