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Background  Various systems of nickel-titanium (NiTi) instrument have long been commercially available. However, the preparation of narrow and curved root canals has always been challenging. The purpose of this study was to compare the shaping ability of two NiTi systems (2Shape and NeoNiTi) in severely curved root canals with different morphological patterns using micro-computed tomography (Micro-CT).    Methods  A total of 22 human extracted permanent teeth of mandibular first molars, with the exact mesial angle of curvature of 25 and 35 degrees, according to Schneider’s technique, were distributed randomly into two groups (group I: 2Shape, group II: NeoNiTi) based on the rotary system used (n = 22). The groups were subdivided into two subgroups corresponding to the angle of canal curvature (25° and 35°) (n = 11). Canals were scanned using Micro-CT pre- and post-preparation to assess the volume of dentin removed; canal transportation; and canal centering ratio at 3, 6, and 9 mm from the apex. The Mann–Whitney U test was utilized to determine any significant differences between the two systems. The level of statistical significance was set at  p  < 0.05.    Results  There was no significant difference between the two groups in volume of dentin removed; canal transportation; and centering ability for 25° and 35° canal curvatures at 3, 6, and 9 mm from the apex (coronal, middle, and apical) thirds ( p  > 0.05). At the middle third, the NeoNiTi group demonstrated a statistically significant increase in volume of dentin removed for 35° canal curvatures compared to the 2Shape group.    Conclusion  Within the limitation of our in vitro study, 2Shape and NeoNiTi systems with severely curved canals were confirmed to be relatively safe in preparation and to respect original canal anatomy. Nevertheless, NeoNiTi instruments produced more centered preparation and minimal canal deviation compared to the 2Shape system.

Shaping ability of 2Shape and NeoNiTi rotary instruments in preparation of curved canals using micro-computed tomography