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Background  While the resistance rates of commonly detected uropathogens are well described, those of less frequent Gram-negative uropathogenic bacteria have seldom been reported. The aim of this study was to examine the resistance rates of less frequent uropathogenic Gram-negatives in a population of patients treated in a Department of Urology of a tertiary referral centre in Central Europe over a period of 9 years.    Methods  Data on all positive urine samples from urological in- and out-patients were extracted form the Department of Clinical Microbiology database from 2011 to 2019. Numbers of susceptible and resistant isolates per year were calculated for these uropathogens:  Acinetobacter  spp. ( n  = 74),  Citrobacter  spp. ( n  = 60),  Enterobacter  spp. ( n  = 250),  Morganella morganii  ( n  = 194),  Providencia  spp. ( n  = 53),  Serratia  spp. ( n  = 82) and  Stenotrophomonas maltophilia  ( n  = 27). Antimicrobial agents selected for the survey included: ampicillin, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, piperacillin/tazobactam; cefuroxime, cefotaxime, ceftazidime and cefepime; ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin; gentamicin and amikacin; ertapenem, meropenem and imipenem; trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (co-trimoxazole), nitrofurantoin and colistin.    Results  Penicillin derivatives have generally poor effect except piperacillin/tazobactam. Cefuroxime is not efficient unlike cefotaxime (except against  Acinetobacter  spp. and  S. maltophilia ). Susceptibility to fluoroquinolones is limited. Amikacin is somewhat more efficient than gentamicine but susceptibilities for both safely exceed 80%. Nitrofurantoin shows virtually no efficiency. Cotrimoxazole acts well against  Citrobacter  spp.,  Serratia  spp. and it is the treatment of choice for  S. maltophilia  UTIs. Among carbapenems, ertapenem was less efficient than meropenem and imipenem except for  S. maltophilia  whose isolates were mostly not suceptible to any carbapenems.    Conclusions  Uropathogenic microorganisms covered in this report are noteworthy for their frequently multi-drug resistant phenotypes. Knowledge of resistance patterns helps clinicians choose the right empirical antibiotic treatment when the taxonomical assignment of the isolate is known but sensitivity results are pending.Supplementary Information  The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12894-021-00821-8.

Current antibiotic resistance patterns of rare uropathogens: survey from Central European Urology Department 2011–2019