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Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy of oblique lateral interbody fusion (OLIF) combined posterior fixation for single-segment lumbar tuberculosis (TB). Methods The medical records of spinal TB patients who were admitted to our department from January 2016 to December 2018 were retrospectively reviewed, and those meeting the inclusion criteria were finally included for analysis. The operative time, operative blood loss, hospital stay, visual analogue scale (VAS) score, Oswestry disability index (ODI), Cobb angle of surgical segment, bone graft fusion rate, erythrocytic sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP), neurological function (ASIA grade) and complications of the included patients were all recorded and analyzed. Results Thirty-nine patients with lumbar TB were finally included. The mean operative time, operative blood loss, and hospital stay were 135.8 ± 19.2 min, 239.4 ± 84.7 ml, and 9.5 ± 2.7 days, respectively. The mean follow-up time was 26.3 ± 7.5 months. During the follow-up, both VAS score and ODI were significantly improved at 1 month, 3 months, 6 months, 1 year postoperative, and the last follow-up, compared with preoperative ( P  &lt; 0.001). Cobb angle was significantly corrected at 1 month postoperatively ( P  &lt; 0.001), however, from 3 months postoperative to the last follow-up, Cobb angle was getting lost ( P  &lt; 0.01). Bone graft fusion rate at 3 months, 6 months, 1 year postoperative, and last follow-up were 66.67%, 87.18%, 94.88%, and 100%, respectively. Compared with preoperative, ESR and CRP were both showed significant decrease at 1 and 6 months postoperative, and the last follow-up ( P  &lt; 0.001). At the last follow-up, all patients had improvement in ASIA grade compared with preoperative ( P  &lt; 0.001). Six patients were found with postoperative complications, and all were cured after active treatment. Conclusions OLIF combined posterior internal fixation is safe and effective in the treatment of single-segment lumbar TB, with satisfactory pain relief, improvement of lumbar and neurological function, and deformity correction.

bmc surgery

Evaluation of the efficacy of OLIF combined posterior internal fixation for single-segment lumbar tuberculosis: a single-center retrospective cohort study