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Background  Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is one of the most prevalent cancers. As reported, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) induce various biological behaviors in cancers. LncRNA PCGEM1 prostate-specific transcript (PCGEM1) is reported to exert carcinogenic effect on certain cancers. Our research aimed to explore the role of PCGEM1 in NSCLC.    Methods  We enrolled forty NSCLC patients to explore PCGEM1 expression in clinical NSCLC tissues. Colony formation assay, CCK-8, Transwell assay were conducted to reveal cell proliferation, viability, migration and invasion. Luciferase reporter assay, RNA pull down, and RIP assay were performed to investigate the downstream axis of PCGEM1.    Results  PCGEM1 was significantly upregulated in NSCLC cells and tissues. Subsequently,  in vitro  loss-of-function experiments illustrated the carcinogenic role of PCGEM1 in NSCLC through promoting viability, proliferation, migration, and invasion. MiR-590-3p was confirmed to be a downstream gene of PCGEM1. Furthermore, SRY-box transcription factor 11 (SOX11) was verified to be a target of miR-590-3p. Additionally, rescue experiments indicated that miR-590-3p inhibitor or pcDNA3.1/SOX11 rescued the impacts of downregulated PCGEM1 on NSCLC cell proliferation, viability, migration and invasion.    Conclusions  LncRNA PCGEM1 aggravated proliferative and migrative abilities in NSCLC via the miR-590-3p/SOX11 axis.    Supplementary Information  The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12890-021-01600-9.

RETRACTED ARTICLE: LncRNA PCGEM1 induces proliferation and migration in non-small cell lung cancer cells through modulating the miR-590-3p/SOX11 axis