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Background  (Over-)expression of arginase may limit local availability of arginine for nitric oxide synthesis. We investigated the significance of arginase1 (ARG1) for the development of airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) and lung inflammation in female mice with ovalbumin (OVA)-induced allergic asthma.    Methods    Arg1  was ablated in the lung by crossing  Arg1    fl/fl   and  Tie2Cre    tg/−   mice. OVA sensitization and challenge were conducted, and AHR to methacholine was determined using the Flexivent system. Changes in gene expression, chemokine and cytokine secretion, plasma IgE, and lung histology were quantified using RT-qPCR, ELISA, and immunohistochemistry, respectively.    Results    Arg1  ablation had no influence on the development of OVA-induced AHR, but attenuated OVA-induced increases in expression of  Arg2  and  Nos2, Slc7a1, Slc7a2,  and  Slc7a7  (arginine transporters) , Il4, Il5  and  Il13  (T H 2-type cytokines) , Ccl2  and  Ccl11  (chemokines) , Ifng  (T H 1-type cytokine),  Clca3  and  Muc5ac  (goblet cell markers), and OVA-specific IgE. Pulmonary IL-10 protein content increased, but IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, TNFα and IFNγ content ,  and lung histopathology, were not affected.  Arg1  elimination also decreased number and tightness of correlations between adaptive changes in lung function and inflammatory parameters in OVA/OVA-treated female mice. OVA/OVA-treated female mice mounted a higher OVA-IgE response than males, but the correlation between lung function and inflammation was lower.  Arg1 -deficient OVA/OVA-treated females differed from males in a more pronounced decline of arginine-metabolizing and -transporting genes, higher plasma arginine levels, a smaller OVA-specific IgE response, and no improvement of peripheral lung function.    Conclusion  Complete ablation of  Arg1  in the lung affects mRNA abundance of arginine-transporting and -metabolizing genes, and pro-inflammatory genes, but not methacholine responsiveness or accumulation of inflammatory cells.    Electronic supplementary material  The online version of this article (10.1186/s12890-017-0490-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Arginase 1 deletion in myeloid cells affects the inflammatory response in allergic asthma, but not lung mechanics, in female mice