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Background  Pulmonary deterioration after  B.cepacia  complex (BCC) colonization has a heterogeneous pattern. The aim was to investigate the clinical outcome of BCC colonization in CF patients chronically colonized with  P. aeruginosa.Methods  CF patients chronically colonized with  P. aeruginosa  were divided into three groups: intermittent (I), chronic (II) and no colonization (III) with BCC. Body mass index (BMI) percentile and spirometric parameters were analyzed at three different times in each group.    Results  Fifty-six patients chronically colonized with  P. aeruginosa  were included. Of these, 27 also had evidence of BCC colonization (13 intermittent and 14 chronic). BMI percentile was significantly lower among patients chronically colonized by both  P. aeruginosa  and BCC. Mean values of FEV 1  and FVC % were also significantly lower in these patients, both at the time of chronic BCC colonization and 24 months forward.    Conclusions  Chronic BCC colonization is associated with significant loss of lung function. Lower BMI might be a risk factor for chronic BCC colonization, preceding these events.

Burkholderia cepacia complex: clinical course in cystic fibrosis patients