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Background  As extremely violent meteorological disasters, tornadoes often cause serious casualties. The study aims to analyze the characteristics and causes of tornado injuries in China under certain humanistic and geographical conditions.    Methods  A random sampling questionnaire survey was developed and distributed to tornado victims from two separate occurrences: an Enhanced Fujita 4 tornado in Yancheng, and a Fujita 3 tornado in Chifeng. The information of demographic characteristics, disaster environment, and individual behaviors in victims was collected. Chi-square test and binary logistic regression were used to analyze influencing factor of injuries.    Results  A total of 94 valid questionnaires (participation rate 95.9%) were finally collected in Yancheng tornado and 67 valid questionnaires (participation rate 93.1%) in Chifeng tornado. Residents’ annual income (OR = 0.10, 95% CI 0.02–0.50,  P  = 0.005), degree of house collapse (OR = 183.12, 95% CI 8.04–4173.34,  P  = 0.001) have a significant impact on the probability of injury. Differences in tornado disaster drill awareness ( P  = 0.009), individual behaviors ( P  = 0.011) and fear level ( P  = 0.011) significantly affected the incidence of trauma. Whether victims were indoors or not has no statistical difference on injuries in China.    Conclusions  Our study clarifies risk factors and is conducive to the expansion of the investigation in tornado casualties. The government should improve the wind-resistance of residential buildings. Victims should participate in disaster prevention drills to take effective disaster avoidance actions.

Factors associated with injuries among tornado victims in Yancheng and Chifeng, China