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Objective To explore the efficacy and safety of high-frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV) in the treatment of severe meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS) complicated with severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Methods A total of 65 infants with severe MAS complicated with severe ARDS were included in the study. The clinical efficacy of treatment for the HFOV group (n = 31) and the conventional mechanical ventilation (CMV) group (n = 34) was retrospectively analysed. The partial pressure of oxygen (PaO 2 ), partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO 2 ), PaO 2 /fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO 2 ), and oxygen index values before and at 6, 12, 24, 48, and 72 h after mechanical ventilation, the mechanical ventilation time, oxygen inhalation time, incidence of complications, and outcomes of the two groups were compared. Results At 6, 12, 24, and 48 h after mechanical ventilation, the PaO 2  in the HFOV group was significantly higher than in the CMV group, while the PaCO 2  in the HFOV group was significantly lower than in the CMV group (P &lt; 0.05). At 6, 12, 24, 48, and 72 h after mechanical ventilation, PaO 2 /FiO2 in the HFOV group was significantly higher than in the CMV group, and the OI in the HFOV group was significantly lower than in the CMV group (P &lt; 0.05). Mechanical ventilation time, oxygen inhalation time, and the incidence of air leakage were significantly lower in the HFOV than in the CMV group (P &lt; 0.05). Conclusions Overall, HFOV can effectively improve lung ventilation and oxygenation function, shorten ventilator treatment time, and reduce the incidence rate of air leakage for neonatal MAS, making it a safe and effective treatment option.

bmc pediatrics

The clinical effects of high-frequency oscillatory ventilation in the treatment of neonatal severe meconium aspiration syndrome complicated with severe acute respiratory distress syndrome