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Background  To investigate the efficacy and safety of repeated phototherapeutic keratectomies (PTKs) during long-term treatment for corneal dystrophy (CD) in a Chinese pedigree carrying the R124L mutation in  TGFBI .    Methods  This was a retrospective review of 20-year medical and genetic records involving five CD patients (10 eyes) from one pedigree. During this period, PTK was conducted for an eye when best-corrected distance visual acuity (BCDVA) reached > 1.0 (LogMAR), due to either primary or recurrent opacities in the cornea. All PTKs were performed by 193-nm excimer laser with or without creation of epithelial flaps. For each eye, routine measurements were conducted for the number of PTKs during follow-up, mean time to recurrence, and BCDVA pre- and post- every PTK (measurements within 3 months from each PTK). Corneal thicknesses measured after the last PTK and at the last visit were analyzed, and subjective satisfaction was assessed.    Results  Gene testing revealed an R124L mutation in  TGFBI . During 19.60 ± 1.78 years of follow-up, PTKs were conducted twice for three eyes, three times for six eyes, and four times for one eye. After each PTK, effective visual acuity was maintained for 3.60 ± 1.12 years before significant recurrence. BCDVA improved significantly postoperatively than preoperatively for the first PTK for each eye ( p  < 0.001), as well as the second ( p  < 0.001) and third one ( p  < 0.001). After the last PTK and at the final visit, the thinnest corneal thickness was 371.50 ± 56.47 μm and 358.40 ± 101.11 μm, respectively. The average subjective satisfaction score was 8.60 ± 0.89.    Conclusions  Multiple repeated PTKs were effective and safe in a long-term study of CD patients with an R124L mutation in  TGFBI .

Multiple phototherapeutic keratectomy treatments in a Chinese pedigree with corneal dystrophy and an R124L mutation: a 20-year observational study