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Backgound  To identify and compare specific protein levels between overacting inferior oblique (IO) muscles in superior oblique (SO) palsy patients and normal IO muscles.    Methods  We obtained 20 IO muscle samples from SO palsy patients with IO overaction ≥ + 3 who underwent IO myectomies (IOOA group), and 20 IO samples from brain death donors whose IO had functioned normally, according to their ophthalmological chart review (control group). We used MyoD for identifying satellite cell activation, insulin-like growth factor binding protein 5 (IGFBP5) for IGF effects, thioredoxin for oxidative stress, and p27 for satellite cell activation or oxidative stress in both groups. Using immunohistochemistry and Western blot, we compared expression levels of the four proteins (MyoD, IGFBP5, thioredoxin, and p27).    Results  Levels of thioredoxin and p27 were decreased significantly in the IOOA group. MyoD and IGFBP5 levels showed no significant difference between the groups.    Conclusions  Based on these findings, the overacting IOs of patients with SO palsy had been under oxidative stress status versus normal IOs. Pathologically overacting extraocular muscles may have an increased risk of oxidative stress compared with normal extraocular muscles.

bmc ophthalmology

Expression of MyoD, insulin like growth factor binding protein, thioredoxin and p27 in secondarily overacting inferior oblique muscles with superior oblique palsy