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Background  The prognosis of advanced laryngeal cancer is unfavorable despite advances in multidisciplinary therapy. Dendritic cells (DCs) play a central role in antitumor immunity. Tumor-infiltrating CD1a +  DCs have been reported to be associated with clinical outcomes in carcinomas of various organs, but the clinical impact of CD1a +  DCs in laryngeal cancer remains to be unequivocally established.    Methods  We retrospectively analyzed the cases of 57 patients with Stage III or IV laryngeal cancer who underwent a total laryngectomy. Immunohistochemistry detection of CD1a, S100 and CD8 was performed on representative resected specimens. CD1a +  DCs, S100 +  DCs and CD8 +  cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) were evaluated, and the cases divided into high and low groups according to the cut-off of the median values for each of these 3 parameters.    Results  Compared to the CD1a-low group, the CD1a-high group had more advanced cases and showed significantly worse disease-specific survival (DSS) ( P  = 0.008) and overall survival (OS) ( P  = 0.032). The analyses of S100 DCs and CD8 +  CTLs revealed no significant impact on clinical outcomes. However, multivariate analysis revealed that infiltration of CD1a +  DCs was an independent unfavorable prognostic factor for both DSS ( P  = 0.009) and OS ( P  = 0.013).    Conclusions  Our results demonstrated that the infiltration of CD1a +  DCs was associated with unfavorable clinical outcomes in patients with advanced laryngeal cancer who underwent a total laryngectomy as the initial treatment.

Infiltration of CD1a-positive dendritic cells in advanced laryngeal cancer correlates with unfavorable outcomes post-laryngectomy