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Background  Cancer of the ovary is mostly discovered at a late stage and cannot be removed by surgery alone. Therefore surgery is usually followed by adjuvant chemotherapy. However, few reliable biomarkers exist to predict response to chemotherapy of ovarian cancer. Previously, we could demonstrate that IL-17 density is indicative for chemosensitivity. This study focuses on the predictive value of myeloperoxidase (MPO) concerning response to chemotherapy of ovarian cancer.    Methods  Biopsies of mostly high-grade primary serous ovarian carcinomas and their matched recurrences were stained with MPO after fixation in formalin and embedding in paraffin. For this staining the technique of tissue-microarray was used. Recurrence within 6 months of the completion of platinum-based chemotherapy was defined as chemoresistance as previously publised. Data for MPO could be analyzed in 92 biopsies.    Results  MPO and IL-17 positive immune cells correlated significantly in biopsies of primary and recurrent carcinomas ( r  s  = 0.41;  p  = 0.004 and  r  s  = 0.40;  p  = 0.007, respectively). MPO expression alone did not predict response to chemotherapy, but in multivariate cox regression analysis including age, residual disease, number of chemotherapy cycles, FIGO classification and combined categorized MPO and IL-17 cell densities of primary cancer biopsies, the combination of both immune markers was an independent prognostic factor for recurrence-free survival ( p  = 0.013, HR = .23, 95CI = 0.07–0.73). There was no chemoresistant patient in the subgroup of MPO + IL-17+, neither in primary nor in recurrent cancer biopsies.    Conclusions  High MPO positive cell density enhances the indicative value of IL-17 for response to chemotherapy in ovarian carcinoma. Although, these results have to be validated in a larger cohort.

MPO density in primary cancer biopsies of ovarian carcinoma enhances the indicative value of IL-17 for chemosensitivity