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Background  We examined whether inferior thyroid artery peak systolic velocity (ITA-PSV) predicts an increase in levothyroxine (LT4) dosage in pregnant women with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis.    Methods  Twenty-two women with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis who were planning and later achieved pregnancy or confirmed as pregnant were enrolled in this retrospective longitudinal observational study. ITA-PSV and thyroid volume were measured using ultrasonography. Serum concentrations of free thyroxine (F-T4), free triiodothyronine (F-T3), and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) were simultaneously determined. We adjusted LT4 dosage to maintain serum TSH at < 2.5 μIU/mL (1st trimester) and later at < 3 μIU/mL (2nd, 3rd trimester).    Results  Eighteen patients (81.8%) required an increase in LT4 dosage during pregnancy, of whom 7 (31.8%) required an increase ≥50 μg. Multivariable regression analysis showed that TSH (β = 0.507,  p  = 0.008) and ITA-PSV (β = − 0.362,  p  = 0.047), but not thyroid volume, F-T4, or F-T3, were independently associated with increased LT4 dosage. Receiver-operating characteristic analysis for predicting an increase in LT4 ≥ 50 μg/day showed that the area under the curve (0.905) for ITA-PSV with TSH was not significantly increased ( p  = 0.123) as compared to that (0.743) for TSH alone, whereas integrated discrimination improvement was significantly increased (27.9%,  p  = 0.009).    Conclusions  In pregnant patients with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, ITA-PSV was a significant predictor of increase in LT4 dosage independent of TSH level, while ITA-PSV plus TSH showed significantly improved predictability as compared to TSH alone. These results suggest that ITA-PSV reflects residual thyroid function and is useful for evaluating the need for increased thyroid hormone production in pregnant patients with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis.

bmc pregnancy and childbirth

Thyroid blood flow in inferior thyroid artery as predictor for increase in levothyroxine dosage during pregnancy in women with Hashimoto's thyroiditis - a retrospective study