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Background  The value of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS), and the combination of CEUS and MRI (CCWM) for the diagnosis of periampullary space-occupying lesions (PSOL) was investigated.    Methods  A total of 102 patients diagnosed with PSOLs by surgery or biopsy were recruited retrospectively. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and accuracy of MRI, CEUS, and CCWM were analyzed.    Results  MRI, CEUS, and CCWM allowed for the accurate detection of 91.17, 92.15, and 99.01% of PSOLs, respectively. The specificity, PPV, and accuracy of CCWM were significantly different from MRI and CEUS ( p  < 0.05). However, there the sensitivity and NPV were not significantly different among the three diagnostic technologies. In addition, the specificity, PPV, and accuracy were not significantly different between MRI and CEUS (all  p  > 0.05).    Conclusions  CCWM is valuable for differentiating benign and malignant PSOL, which provides important guiding significances for the clinic.

Combination of CEUS and MRI for the diagnosis of periampullary space-occupying lesions: a retrospective analysis