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Background  The aim of this study was to compare the properties and feasibility of the glucose analog, 2- 18 F-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose ( 18 F-FDG), three short  18 F-labeled carboxylic acids,  18 F-fluoroacetate ( 18 F-FAC), 2- 18 F-fluoropropionic acid ( 18 F-FPA) and 4-( 18 F)fluorobenzoic acid ( 18 F-FBA), for differentiating tumors from inflammation.    Methods  Biodistributions of  18 F-FAC,  18 F-FPA and  18 F-FBA were determined on normal Kunming mice, and positron emission tomography (PET) imaging with these tracers were performed on the separate tumor-bearing mice model and inflammation mice model in comparison with  18 F-FDG.    Results  Biodistribution results showed that  18 F-FAC and  18 F-FPA had similar biodistribution profiles and the slow radioactivity clearance from most tissues excluding the in vivo defluorination of  18 F-FAC, and  18 F-FBA demonstrated a lower uptake and fast clearance in most tissues. PET imaging with  18 F-FDG,  18 F-FAC and  18 F-FPA revealed the high uptake in both tumor and inflammatory lesions. The ratios of tumor-to-inflammation were 1.63 ± 0.28 for  18 F-FDG, 1.20 ± 0.38 for  18 F-FAC, and 1.41 ± 0.33 for  18 F-FPA at 60 min postinjection, respectively. While clear tumor images with high contrast between tumor and inflammation lesion were observed in  18 F-FBA/PET with the highest ratio of tumor-to-inflammation (1.98 ± 0.15).    Conclusions  Our data demonstrated  18 F-FBA is a promising PET probe to distinguish tumor from inflammation. But the further modification of  18 F-FBA structure is required to improve its pharmacokinetics.

Comparison of three 18F-labeled carboxylic acids with 18F-FDG of the differentiation tumor from inflammation in model mice