English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

Background   Streptococcus agalacticae  (Group B  Streptococcus , GBS) is one of the most important causative agents of serious infections among neonates. This study was carried out to identify antibiotic resistance and virulence genes associated with GBS isolated from pregnant women.    Methods  A total of 43 GBS isolates were obtained from 420 vaginal samples collected from HIV positive and negative women who were 13–35 weeks pregnant attending Antenatal Care at Chitungwiza and Harare Central Hospitals in Zimbabwe. Identification tests of GBS isolates was done using standard bacteriological methods and molecular identification testing. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was done using the modified Kirby-Bauer method and E-test strips. The boiling method was used to extract DNA and Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) was used to screen for 13 genes. Data was fed into SPSS 24.0.    Results  Nine distinct virulence gene profiles were identified and  hly-scpB-bca-rib  37.2% (16/43) was common. The virulence genes identified were namely  hly  97.8% (42/43),  scpB  90.1% (39/43),  bca  86.0% (37/43),  rib  69.8% (30/43) and  bac  11.6% (5/43). High resistance to tetracycline 97.7% (42/43) was reported followed by 72.1% (31/43) cefazolin, 69.8% (30/43) penicillin G, 58.1% (25/43) ampicillin, 55.8% (24/43) clindamycin, 46.5% (20/43) ceftriaxone, 34.9% (15/43) chloramphenicol, and 30.2% (13/43) for both erythromycin and vancomycin using disk diffusion. Antibiotic resistance genes among the resistant and intermediate-resistant isolates showed high frequencies for  tetM  97.6% (41/42) and low frequencies for  ermB  34.5% (10/29),  ermTR  10.3% (3/29),  mefA  3.4% (1/29),  tetO  2.4% (1/42) and  linB  0% (0/35). The  atr  housekeeping gene yielded 100% (43/43) positive results, whilst the mobile genetic element IS1548 yielded 9.3% (4/43).    Conclusion  The study showed high prevalence of  hly, scpB, bca  and  rib  virulence genes in  S. agalactiae  strains isolated from pregnant women. Tetracycline resistance was predominantly caused by the  tetM  gene, whilst macrolide resistance was predominantly due to the presence of  erm  methylase, with the  ermB  gene being more prevalent. Multi-drug resistance coupled with the recovery of resistant isolates to antimicrobial agents such as penicillins indicates the importance of GBS surveillance and susceptibility tests. It was also observed that in vitro phenotypic resistance is not always accurately predicted by resistance genotypes.    Supplementary Information  The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12879-021-05820-6.

Analysis of virulence factors and antibiotic resistance genes in group B streptococcus from clinical samples